They range from difficult to impossible, and can often include quid pro quo conditions; most commonly providing public access where none was previously required.
Most likely, the CCC would deny the permit, maybe offering it in return for providing alternate access.
Khosla doesn’t want to permit any access, and was insisting that closing a private road to a private beach on private property was entirely within the property owner’s right, and should not require a Coastal Development Permit.
The courts have disagreed with him now, so if he still wants to close the road, he’ll need a CDP, and they probably won’t give him one without requiring some form of access.
He can afford to appeal a CCC decision (a long,expensive, and complicated process, with generally poor prospects for success) and he might even succeed, given that the CCC has very little legitimate basis for denying the permit (IANAL, but…).
But it’s still a private road on private property leading to a private beach, and no public easement exists.