Most of the spam calls I get don’t leave a message - or even necessarily do anything if I answer the phone.* Either way, if someone doesn’t leave a message, I have to assume it’s a spam call (it’s not like I’m going to call back a random number that called me), and listening to messages is the only way I can distinguish a spam call from a real call.
*There’s just silence on the other end, for some reason. I don’t know how this is working for them - in the old days, when telemarketing calls would have a live person behind it, they’d sometimes call multiple people, connect with whoever answered first and hang up on everyone else. Now they’re all automated, so it doesn’t really make sense that the hang-ups and silence calls are more common now than ever, unless a certain percentage are simply there to see if they’ve connected with a live number, and that information is going in a database for later use.