Across America, employers are using noncompetes to claim ownership of employees' skills

I’m curious to hear if there are any lawyers with knowledge about this one. What about people who work for a company in one state, which runs contracts for a company in California, and the employee telecommutes from some other third state? How enforceable is a noncompete from the first state where the contracting company is? Plus CA doesn’t recognize them. Plus the person lives in some other state not the one the CRO is in. That seems like it would be a stretch to litigate. But what am I missing?