I think so…although you could argue the iMac Pro is basically just the iMac (not-Pro) form factor in a new color (obviously very different insides, but most new Macs differ inside).
The new form-factor prior to that was arguable the MacBook (no second name) which was discontinued without a successor.
Prior to that the MacBook Air which has changed from a high priced MacBook for people that value small size over low cost (and performance) to the entry level MacBook for people that prize low price and also get small size (and also get performance as of the M1 MBA).
Prior to that the new form factor was the Mac mini.
Prior to that the new form factor was the PowerMac Cube which was discontinued without a successor (although after a multi-year absence from the line up the Mac mini is a plausible replacement as the low cost desktop Mac that comes without display/keyboard/mouse, and the new Mac Studio can also plusabbly be thought of as the same sort of niche…or maybe more so as the Mac Cube had similar perforce to the top of the line Mac towers of the day and the Mac Studio beats the current Mac tower, but maybe not the M1/M2 replacement for the Intel MacPro).
Prior to that the eMac. That’s not counting the earlier iterations of the iMac and iBook that had many different form factors, many of them fairly to somewhat minor variants though (and some being quite significant – like the monitor on a stick iMac I once had in my office).
The Mac Studio though does have one thing none of those other Macs had though. I think it is butt ugly. I mean not all of the other Macs were a prize (I’m looking at you eMac…and orange plastic eBook), but none of them looked like a forced error. This thing looks like a render of an Apple fanboy that knows how to drive solid works or something, but not how to craft a nice looking computer. Not that that would stop me from buying one if I had a personal need for that much horsepower (or accepting one as my work computer) – but I would try to figure out how to place it where I can’t see it!