I get that it’s an old practice. But my question was how much, which is not answered. And your logic is flawed in your answer:
If it were something that significantly harms animal health we likely would have noticed by now.
The feed-lot process has been around long enough, and it significantly harms animals. That’s why only do it to them right before killing them. Fattening up an animal will greatly shorten it’s life, but they do it for higher weight yield.