NASA had Apollo-era plans to send humans to Mars and Venus

It is, unfortunately, the case that an urgent need to keep the away tribe in their place (filthy savages, can’t be trusted) is among the best ways of shaking the purse strings loose; but it is a painfully inefficient one. You end up signing off on a lot of either pure ‘guns’ projects or ‘butter’ projects heavily influenced by the needs of military clients, in order to sneak the plan you actually want in there.

As a matter of political realism, there may not be a better way (at least with the US electorate as it is); but it isn’t pretty to watch such an inefficient system of allocation at work.

On the plus side, the Cold War at least inspired a lot of ‘nationalism through building impressive stuff’ projects, which beat the hell out of The War on Terror’s ‘nationalism through paranoia’ focus…