Maybe yes, maybe no. It is not at all uncommon for a single company to be “Doing Business As” (d.b.a.) multiple other names, and those names can often be very similar to the names of the companies they work for.
For example “Service Corp” may be working with “Company X” and they may provide a service in the name “Company X Advantage”. If “Service Corp” is providing the direct service they are the merchant, but the billing statement would say “Company X Advantage”. In the majority of cases this is totally legit, “Service Corp” is providing a service based on the products of “Company X” in partnership with “Company X”, but what ever “Service Corp” does is outside the specialty of “Company X”. On occasion I’ve heard of it being used to work around various payment processing rules, or hide where money is actually going.
I doubt that Patreon is doing this either for the good or bad reasons, it seems like it wouldn’t be worth the effort on their part.