There’s also some American baggage you have to be careful not to externalize in other countries. If you’re in France or Zimbabwe and you see a caricature of a black person that would be considered racist in Philadelphia, it’s probably Philadelphia that is the problem, because of the sordid history of race relations in the USA. There’s nothing inherently wrong with cartoons of people with exaggerated stereotypical African features, it’s the way those cartoons were used in US history that is the problem.
Now that I think of it, it happens even inside the USA. If you are in the American northeast, and some old Maine fisherman calls you “boy”, you have to remember that old Maine fishermen call everybody under the age of 70 “boy”, and it’s simply not racist like it would be in Alabama.
