"How do you measure that a diet is “25% sugar?”
I’m fairly sure that it is by calories. That’s the usual way it is written about.
“Also, how do you conclude that three cans of soda create a situation where 25% of your diet is sugar without knowing the rest of your diet?”
Multiplication, mostly. The blurb says “in an otherwise sugar free diet” so… 182 calories in a coke (all sugar) * 3 cans = 546 * 4 = 2184. I think 2000 calories is one of the standard daily amounts therefore 3 cokes would be a bit over 25%.