If you grew up in Michigan, I’d hazard that the murders at Chelsea high school played a pivotal role in the early roll-out of zero-intelligence. (It’s the only state I can think of that had a non-trivial number of charter schools in the 90’s.) My own high school had some of this bullshit back in the 80’s, but implementation better resembled mission creep than a true organized policy. Started with cigarettes, then it was “negative cheers” at sports events, then on to suspension for anyone caught at a party by police where alcohol was present (whether or not the kid was caught with cup-in-hand - guilt by association stuff). Shit’s just jumped the shark these days, though.
