This is actually a basic function of quality of life and women’s rights that has been identified. As quality of life goes up, birth rates go down. Some European countries have negative birth rates now and are offering increasingly generous immigration and citizenship to stabilize their population.
It’s also why the “population bomb” scare of the 1970s fizzled. For a while there all anyone could talk about was the hockey stick chart of the time, which was population. They thought we’d be at 30 billion by now and all starving. However it turns out that if you get quality of life up and empower women, the problem fixes itself.
