Not so much IIRC. That sort of dog breeding has its roots a bit before established kennel clubs (and there’s a lot more than on kennel clubs). In breeding companion dogs among the wealthy. But from what I understand, the whole pure breed, dog show club thing was directly transposed from dog fighting and pit sports. Basically breeding dogs for hunting and fighting was a gentlemanly activity. And when dog fight and baiting started to get banned. Dog shows replaced them. The activity was breeding the dogs. Something that required space, and money. The purpose of the dogs didn’t matter much so appearance because the new way to judge the success some one had at breeding.
The clubs cropped up because a given breeding line was valuable, and you wanted proof . And you needed standards to judge by. Cropped up for everything from horses to rabbits and sheep at around the same time.