What to eat? Health and our confusion over food

Of course there are no fully controlled studies on nutrition. For one, you’d need to force people to not just eat a certain way but direct many other aspects of their lives, which would itself make the study unethical, impossibly expensive, and uselessly inapplicable to the general population.

But, it is also true that much nutrition research - and even more so, publicity regarding nutrition research - sometimes makes wildly unfounded claims on scant evidence.