Generally speaking, small, lightweight structures are the safest in a quake, not because they won’t won’t crush you in a collapse, but because they’re unlikely to collapse in the first place - the structure has so little inertia that it rides with the quake waves instead of resisting them and breaking.
In an LA quake, a single-story timber-frame stucco-faced single-family house is probably the safest place to be. (But watch out for unreinforced masonry chimneys, and make sure any pre-1937 house is bolted to its foundation.)
(The 1933 Long Beach Quake taught Angelenos about the dangers of unreinforced masonry and the need to bolt frame houses to concrete foundations; the resulting revised Building Code of 1937 required bolting. Note that these dates ONLY apply to LA and its building code, not necessarily elsewhere.)
I’m a survivor of one of the worst-hit areas in the Northridge quake, and was hired afterward to do photo documentation of structural damage from the quake. Structural stability in a quake is trickier than it looks, and simple logic can easily mislead you. Broad generalizations are seldom useful, since structural safety is a complex interplay of building type, construction details, site specifics, and the luck of location, direction and frequency.
For a good, clear understanding of structural safety in quakes, written for the educated layman, I highly recommend Peter Yanev and Andrew CT Thompson’s Peace of Mind in Earthquake Country): How to Save Your Home, Business, and Life .
For quakes themselves, Bruce Bolt’s Earthquakes — now in its Fifth Edition, I think — is an excellent primer.
Quake lore is thick with logical-sounding factoids, many of them completely and utterly wrong . If you live in quake country, it’s good to know the actual facts instead of what “everybody says.” (-: