re: rwanda –
the hutus and the tutsis are not distinguished by ethnicity, language, or religion. ( link if you need. )
from that article (and same for wikipedia, and others. )
According to some historians… the only difference between the two groups were economic.
but it goes deeper:
In Burundi, the minority Tutsis maintained their control of the military and government through a campaign of violence against the Hutus. Although they lost multi-party elections in 1993, two assassinations and a military coup have allowed the Tutsis to remain in power.
basically, inequality in power was arguably the source of genocide. tutsis generally had more power, but were a minority of people. the back and forth between the two groups – stoked by colonialism – resulted in the genocide.
economics is “just” a form of power, and i think it’s arguably the fight over power:, who can hold land, who can vote, who gets favored by law enforcement, etc. that’s the real key. economics – and especially economic disparity – is just a symptom of the disease.
those who are in power will often use every tool at their disposal: money, law, creating or stoking racial division, war – to hold on to power.
when you said:
The majority of Germans (those who weren’t being murdered) felt better off, and purely in terms of employment and output the economy was objectively improved.
i think it’s actually beside the point ( and im not sure that it is true; others have argued well against it. )
what really matters is whether the minority in power are better off.
sure there is a calculus about keeping the masses “happy enough” – but there’s another calculus about keeping them scared enough, or starved enough. really, whatever works.
fascism is like a cancer. it survives because it survives. there’s no single fascism, no single cancer. and when cancer “wins”, it eats the host. same with fascism.
that’s the heart of why – for me – owens’ statement is so disturbing. hilter couldn’t have made germany great through fascism; not in any alternate history.
First they came for the socialists, and I did not speak out—
Because I was not a socialist.
Then they came for the trade unionists, and I did not speak out—
Because I was not a trade unionist.
Then they came for the Jews, and I did not speak out—
Because I was not a Jew.
Then they came for me—and there was no one left to speak for me.