Apparently yes. I looked on some of the old “soda bottle and bike pump” rocket sites, and they suggest adding salt or even dish soap:
You can also experiment with making the water a more efficient working mass for
accelerating your rocket. In terms of volume, this is a case of “less
is more;” although having too little water means a disappointing thrust,
too much water makes the rocket too heavy to overcome the weight of its
own fuel. Denser propellant, on the other hand, will give you greater
thrust (because it will transfer more momentum) without increasing the
“burn time” (the amount of time it takes to vacate the heavy fuel, which
is weighing down your rocket). You can make the water denser by adding
dish soap or salt.
I also think he needs to have a lot less soda in the bottle, should pour off more than half before gassing up.
